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China is an ancient country with a profound history, originating in the eastern area of the Yellow River region, China's civilisation is over 5,000 years old and was considered one of four ancient civilizations of the world, along with the civilizations of ancient Babylon, ancient Egypt and ancient India. The first dynasty of Chinese history started from the Xia Dynasty and the last one was the Qing Dynasty while the most glorious periods were the Qin, Han, Tang and Ming Dynasties. Through thousands of years of feudal ruling Chinese people have created brilliant science and art culture, like the Four Great Inventions; poetry, paintings and Chinese calligraphy. In addition, a great amount of cultural relics such as the Great Wall and the Terra Cotta Warriors left behind by their Chinese ancestors have become national treasures and are considered as wonders of the world.
China is a vast country situated in the eastern part of Eurasia along the western coast of the Pacific Ocean. China is the third largest country in the world, after Russia and Canada. It stretches 5,199 k's from east to west and 5,499 k's from north to south. China's coastline extends for about 18,000k's and its extensive sea surface is studded with more than 5,000 islands, of which Taiwan and Hainan are the largest.
Among the 22,000 rivers, the Yangtze, Yellow River and Pearl River are the most famous. China has a beautiful landscape with numerous mountain ranges, one of them being Mt Everest.
China is the most heavily populated country in the world with over 1.3 billion inhabitants (as of 2007). Stringent population controls have been in place for several decades. The population of Beijing, the capital of China, is approaching 15 million and the cities are crowded and noisy, as are the buses, trains and tourist sites.
The weather in China differs across the country, with the rainy season during the summer months of July and August. The ideal climate conditions for travelling are in late September until the first half of November.
The time difference in China is 2 hours behind Melbourne.
The official language of China is Mandarin.
1 Australian doller equals about 7 Yuan.
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